公开(公告)号：US10771381B2

公开(公告)日：2020-09-08

申请号：US15663898

申请日：2017-07-31

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Nagendra Kumar

IPC: H04W12/00 ,  H04L12/723 ,  H04L12/721

Abstract: A receiving node receives a virtual LDP initialization (vInit) message from a first node, where the vInit message comprises a request to establish a vLDP session between a requesting node and a target node. If the receiving node does not own a destination address of the vInit message, the receiving node is determined to be a relay node. The relay node inserts a relay label into the vInit message, where the relay label is an outgoing label that the relay node uses to reach the first node, and forwards the vInit message toward the destination address. If the receiving node owns the destination address, the receiving node is determined to be the target node, which extracts a stack of relay labels from the vInit message. The relay labels are used to define a return path to the requesting node for messages transmitted over the vLDP session.

公开(公告)号：US20200228360A1

公开(公告)日：2020-07-16

申请号：US16834860

申请日：2020-03-30

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Pierre Pfister ,  Neale D. R. Ranns ,  W. Mark Townsley ,  Gregory J. Shepherd

IPC: H04L12/18

Abstract: Methods, network devices and computer readable media are disclosed relating to a communication network. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a message comprising a message bit array. The message bit array identifies egress nodes for the message within a bit indexed explicit replication (BIER) domain of a communications network. A first bit position in the message bit array represents a first one or more of the egress nodes, and a bit value at the first bit position indicates that the message is to be forwarded to one of the first one or more of the egress nodes. The method further includes accessing a first forwarding table entry corresponding to the first bit position, determining whether the first bit position is an anycast bit position having multiple corresponding forwarding table entries, and forwarding the message to one of the first one or more of the egress nodes.

公开(公告)号：US10659242B2

公开(公告)日：2020-05-19

申请号：US16049907

申请日：2018-07-31

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Gregory J. Shepherd ,  Christian J. Martin ,  Neale D. R. Ranns ,  Jesper Skriver

IPC: H04L12/18 ,  H04L12/761 ,  H04L12/741 ,  H04L12/705 ,  H04L12/723

Abstract: Various systems and methods for performing bit indexed explicit replication (BIER) using multiprotocol label switching (MPLS). For example, one method involves receiving a packet that includes a MPLS label. The packet also includes a multicast forwarding entry. The method also involves determining, based on the value of the MPLS label, whether to use the multicast forwarding entry to forward the packet. The method further includes forwarding the packet.

公开(公告)号：US20200067722A1

公开(公告)日：2020-02-27

申请号：US16669653

申请日：2019-10-31

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Gregory J. Shepherd ,  Christian J. Martin

IPC: H04L12/18 ,  H04L12/761 ,  H04L12/741

Abstract: Methods, devices and computer readable storage media for performing bit indexed explicit replication (BIER) are disclosed. One embodiment of a method includes obtaining, at an egress node of a network, a bit position assigned to the egress node. This embodiment also includes sending an outgoing advertisement to other nodes in the network, where the outgoing advertisement identifies the egress node and the assigned bit position. The bit position is within a bit mask comprising bits in a plurality of bit positions, and each bit position corresponds to a respective egress node of the network.

公开(公告)号：US20190386848A1

公开(公告)日：2019-12-19

申请号：US16557065

申请日：2019-08-30

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Xiaorong Wang ,  Yicheng Liu ,  Lianxiang Wang ,  Fang Yang ,  Gaofeng Tao ,  Ijsbrand Wijnands

IPC: H04L12/44

Abstract: Methods and network devices are disclosed for multicast traffic steering in a communications network. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving, at a node in a network, a multicast message comprising an incoming message bit array and a tree identifier value. The embodiment further includes selecting a bit indexed forwarding table stored at the node and corresponding to the tree identifier value, accessing within the selected forwarding table an entry corresponding to an intended destination node for the message, and forwarding, to a neighboring node identified in the accessed entry, a copy of the message comprising a forwarded message bit array in place of the incoming message bit array. An embodiment of a network device includes one or more network interfaces and a processor adapted to perform steps of the method.

公开(公告)号：US10432425B2

公开(公告)日：2019-10-01

申请号：US15487626

申请日：2017-04-14

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Xiaorong Wang ,  Yicheng Liu ,  Lianxiang Wang ,  Fang Yang ,  Gaofeng Tao ,  Ijsbrand Wijnands

IPC: H04L12/753 ,  H04L12/781 ,  H04L12/761 ,  H04L12/44 ,  H04L12/46

Abstract: Methods and network devices are disclosed for internet protocol (IP) based encapsulation in bit indexed explicit replication (BIER) forwarding. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a multicast message comprising an inner IP header, an intervening header, and an outer IP header. The embodiment further includes accessing a message bit array stored in the intervening header, retrieving an IP address from an entry in a bit indexed forwarding table, replacing an IP destination address in the outer IP header of a copy of the multicast message with the retrieved IP address, and sending the copy of the multicast message toward a second node in the network, where the retrieved IP address is assigned to the second node. An embodiment of a network device includes a processor operably coupled to a plurality of storage locations and to one or more network interfaces and adapted to perform steps of the method.

公开(公告)号：US10341222B2

公开(公告)日：2019-07-02

申请号：US14862915

申请日：2015-09-23

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Toerless Eckert ,  Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Gregory J. Shepherd ,  Neale D. R. Ranns

IPC: H04L12/761 ,  H04L12/46 ,  H04L12/703 ,  H04L29/06 ,  H04L12/741 ,  H04L12/751 ,  H04L12/931

Abstract: Methods and network devices are disclosed for traffic-engineered forwarding through a new form of bit indexed explicit replication. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving at a first node in a network a message comprising a message bit array, and comparing bit values at one or more bit positions in the message bit array to one or more entries in a forwarding table stored at the first node. The one or more bit positions correspond in this embodiment to links in the network. This embodiment of the method further includes forwarding the message over a link represented in the forwarding table if a result of the comparing indicates that the link is included in a path to be taken by the message. In a further embodiment of the method, the message is a multicast message and forwarding the message comprises forwarding a replica of the multicast message.

公开(公告)号：US20190068524A1

公开(公告)日：2019-02-28

申请号：US15689027

申请日：2017-08-29

Applicant: CISCO TECHNOLOGY, INC.

Inventor： Gregory J. Shepherd ,  Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Neale Ranns ,  David Ward ,  Michael Francis O'Gorman

IPC: H04L12/931

CPC classification number: H04L49/201 ,  H04L12/184 ,  H04L12/189 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L49/70 ,  H04L67/1002 ,  H04L67/1095 ,  H04L69/163

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving from a host node comprising a tenant multicast application with a single tenant deployment, an encapsulated multicast packet over unicast at a virtual replicator, the encapsulated multicast packet comprising receiver information for the virtual replicator, replicating the encapsulated multicast packet at the virtual replicator, and transmitting the encapsulated multicast packet over unicast to a plurality of receiving nodes based on the receiver information. The receiving nodes comprise the tenant multicast application and the virtual replicator operates in a cloud without multicast capability. An apparatus is also disclosed herein.

公开(公告)号：US20190013964A1

公开(公告)日：2019-01-10

申请号：US16130631

申请日：2018-09-13

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Neale D. R. Ranns ,  Gregory J. Shepherd ,  Nagendra Kumar Nainar

IPC: H04L12/46 ,  H04L12/741 ,  H04L12/723

CPC classification number: H04L12/4625 ,  H04L45/50 ,  H04L45/745

Abstract: Methods and network devices are disclosed for traversal, within a network configured for bit indexed forwarding, of a subnetwork having nodes not configured for bit indexed forwarding. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving, from a first network node not configured for bit indexed forwarding, a data message comprising a local label and a message bit array. Bit values in the message bit array identify intended destination nodes for the message. The embodiment further includes modifying the message bit array to exclude as intended destination nodes for the message any nodes not represented by one or more relative bit positions associated with the local label and stored in an ingress filter data structure. In addition, the embodiment includes forwarding a copy of the data message to a second network node, which is configured for bit indexed forwarding, identified in an accessed entry of a bit indexed forwarding table.

公开(公告)号：US20180367456A1

公开(公告)日：2018-12-20

申请号：US15628452

申请日：2017-06-20

Applicant: CISCO TECHNOLOGY, INC.

Inventor： Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Neale D.R. Ranns ,  John H.W. Bettink ,  Alessandro Fulli

IPC: H04L12/741 ,  H04L12/707 ,  H04L12/761

Abstract: A method is provided in one example embodiment and may include receiving a packet at a node, wherein the node comprises one or more first data structures comprising Bit Index Explicit Replication (BIER) BitMask information for one or more neighboring forwarders and a second data structure comprising multicast forwarding information; identifying a BIER BitString contained in the packet, wherein the BIER BitString is identified within an Internet Protocol (IP) header or a label included with the packet; determining multicast forwarding information for the packet based on the BIER BitString; and forwarding the packet toward a plurality of destination nodes based on the multicast forwarding information.