公开(公告)号：US20070172026A1

公开(公告)日：2007-07-26

申请号：US10557688

申请日：2004-05-18

Applicant: Jens-Peter Schlomka ,  Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Jens-Peter Schlomka ,  Geoffrey Harding

IPC: H05G1/60 ,  A61B6/00 ,  G01N23/00 ,  G21K1/12 ,  G01N23/04

CPC classification number: A61B6/483 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/4241 ,  A61B6/482 ,  G01N23/046 ,  G01N2223/419

Abstract: In CSCT, by using a fan-shaped primary beam, combined with a 2D detector, single-slice transmission tomography and scatter tomography can be measured simultaneously. In such a System blurred scatter functions are measured unless a monochromatic source of radiation is used. According to the present invention, an energy resolving 1D or 2D detector System is proposed, which, in combination with a tomographic reconstruction, provides a good spectral resolution, even with a polychromatic primary beam. Furthermore, according to an aspect of the present invention, only one energy resolving detector-line is required to achieve the fall spectrum. Advantageous applications of the system and method according to the present invention are in medical imaging and material analysis, such as baggage inspection.

Abstract translation: 在CSCT中，通过使用扇形主光束，与2D检测器结合，可以同时测量单层透射层析成像和散射层析成像。 在这样的系统中，模糊散射函数被测量，除非使用单色辐射源。 根据本发明，提出了能量分辨1D或2D检测器系统，其结合断层重建，即使使用多色主波束也提供良好的光谱分辨率。 此外，根据本发明的一个方面，仅需要一个能量分辨检测器线来实现坠落光谱。 根据本发明的系统和方法的有利应用是在医疗成像和材料分析中，例如行李检查。

公开(公告)号：US20070153970A1

公开(公告)日：2007-07-05

申请号：US11625429

申请日：2007-01-22

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: H05G1/60 ,  A61B6/00 ,  G01N23/00 ,  G21K1/12

CPC classification number: G01N23/046 ,  G01N2223/201 ,  G01N2223/419

Abstract: The invention relates to an x-ray computer tomograph, having an x-ray source 1 that generates a fan beam of x radiation and having a two-dimensional energy-resolving detector array 5, both of which are situated on opposite sides of a gantry so that the x radiation passes completely through a test region; a row of detector elements 6 is situated in the plane of the fan beam 2 and is adjoined in at least one direction perpendicular to the fan beam 2 in at least one direction perpendicular to the fan beam 2 by several additional rows of detector etements 7; during the measurement, no secondary collimator is positioned between the test region and the detector array 5 and the following equation applies for the width (B) of the detector elements: B=Zp*arcsin (qmax*λ), where qmax is the pulse transmission, λ is the wavelength of the x radiation. and Zp is the distance of the measurement point from the detector.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种x射线计算机断层摄影机，其具有产生x辐射风扇束的x射线源1，并具有二维能量分辨检测器阵列5，两者均位于台架的相对侧 使得x辐射完全通过测试区域; 一排检测器元件6位于风扇光束2的平面中，并且在垂直于风扇光束2的至少一个方向上与至少一个垂直于风扇光束2的方向邻接几个附加的检测器层7; 在测量期间，在测试区域和检测器阵列5之间没有放置次级准直器，并且以下等式适用于检测器元件的宽度（B）：B = Z + p + arcsin（q < SUB> max * lambda），其中q最大是脉冲传输，λ是x辐射的波长。 并且Z

是测量点与检测器的距离。

公开(公告)号：US20060239406A1

公开(公告)日：2006-10-26

申请号：US11300939

申请日：2005-12-15

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: G01N23/201

CPC classification number: G01V5/0025

Abstract: A method of measuring a momentum transfer spectrum of elastically scattered X-ray quanta which emanate from a scatter voxel inside an object to be examined is described. The scatter voxel is located in a radioscopy unit which has an anode extended in a Y-direction with a plurality of focus points. The scatter voxel emits X-radiation in an X-direction and has a primary collimator which allows through only primary radiation aimed at a single isocentre at the origin of a Cartesian coordinates system. A scatter collimator is arranged between the examination area and the isocentre and allows through only scatter quanta, from the object. The X-ray quanta are emitted at an angle of scatter (Θ) with a constant Z-component (ΘZ), wherein the scatter collimator includes a detector. The X-component of a scatter voxel of the object is imaged onto the Z-component of the detector. The method includes simultaneous recording of the energy spectrum of scatter quanta from the scatter voxel at different angles of scatter (Θ) with a spatially-resolving and energy-resolving detector in the Y-Z plane, determining the momentum transfer, that is the diffraction profile of the scatter voxel, from the geometric data of the radioscopy unit for the different angles of scatter (Θ), and combining the respective diffraction profiles that belong to different angles of scatter (Θ) to produce a total-diffraction profile.

Abstract translation: 描述了测量从被检查物体内的散射体素产生的弹性散射X射线量子的动量传递光谱的方法。 散射体素位于具有在Y方向上延伸的多个焦点的阳极的放射线检查单元中。 散射体素沿X方向发射X射线，并且具有主准直器，其允许仅通过瞄准在笛卡尔坐标系原点处的单个等中心的主辐射。 在检查区域和等中心之间设置分散准直器，并且允许仅从对象散射量子。 X射线量子以具有恒定Z分量（Theta SUB Z）的散射角（Theta）发射，其中散射准直仪包括检测器。 物体的散射体素的X分量被成像到检测器的Z分量上。 该方法包括以不同的散射角（Theta）与散射体素在YZ平面中的空间分辨和能量分辨检测器同时记录散射量子的能量谱，确定动量传递，即衍射分布 散射体素，用于不同散射角（Theta）的放射检查单元的几何数据，并组合属于不同散射角（Theta）的各衍射分布，以产生总衍射分布。

公开(公告)号：US20060171502A1

公开(公告)日：2006-08-03

申请号：US10518848

申请日：2003-06-19

Applicant: Jens-Peter Schlomka ,  Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Jens-Peter Schlomka ,  Geoffrey Harding

IPC: A61B6/00 ,  G01N23/00 ,  G21K1/12 ,  H05G1/60

CPC classification number: A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/027 ,  A61B6/06 ,  A61B6/4291 ,  A61B6/4417 ,  A61B6/483

Abstract: The invention relates to a computed tomography apparatus (CT apparatus) for imaging by means of radiation having traversed an object to be examined (that is, directly transmitted radiation), as well as by means of radiation scattered by the object to be examined, which apparatus includes a radiation source (S), a detector arrangement (16) and a device whereby the radiation (41a) having traversed the object to be examined can be blocked at least to an extent that the intensity incident on the detector arrangement (16) does not substantially exceed the intensity of radiation (41b) scattered by the object (13) to be examined and incident on the detector arrangement (16). The invention enables the detection of scattered radiation (CSCT mode) which is not affected by crosstalk from the transmitted radiation, even when the detector arrangement does not satisfy severe requirements as regards crosstalk properties and/or is configured as a single-row detector arrangement.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于通过已经穿过被检查物体（即，直接传播的辐射）的辐射进行成像的计算机断层摄影装置（CT装置），以及通过待检查对象散射的辐射，其中 装置包括辐射源（S），检测器装置（16）和装置，其中穿过被检查物体的辐射（41a）至少能够被阻挡到入射到检测器装置（16）上的强度 ）基本上不超过被检查物体（13）散射并入射在检测器装置（16）上的辐射强度（41b）。 即使当检测器装置不满足关于串扰特性的严格要求和/或被配置为单行检测器装置时，本发明能够检测不受来自透射辐射的串扰影响的散射辐射（CSCT模式）。

公开(公告)号：US20060159227A1

公开(公告)日：2006-07-20

申请号：US11304423

申请日：2005-12-15

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: G01N23/201

CPC classification number: G01V5/0025

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the momentum transfer spectrum of elastically scattered X-ray quanta includes an anode having a focus extended in Y-direction which emits X-radiation in the X-direction, a primary collimator extending in the Y-direction which allows through only X-radiation aimed at a single isocentre, wherein the isocentre is the originating point of a Cartesian coordinates system, an examination area, a scatter collimator arranged between said examination area and the isocentre and configured to allow through only scattered radiation from an object introduced in said examination area, wherein the radiation is emitted at a fixed angle of scatter (Θ), and a detector. The X-component of a scatter voxel of the object is imaged onto the Z-component of the detector, and the detector is located in the Y-Z plane, distanced from the Z-axis, and developed as a two-dimensional pixellated detector having a plurality of energy-resolving detector elements.

Abstract translation: 用于测量弹性散射X射线量子的动量传递光谱的装置包括具有沿X方向发射X射线的在Y方向上延伸的焦点的阳极，在Y方向上延伸的主准直器，其允许仅通过 针对单个等中心的X射线，其中异中心是笛卡尔坐标系的起始点，检查区域，布置在所述检查区域和等中心之间的散射准直器，并且被配置为仅允许来自引入的物体的散射辐射 所述检查区域，其中以固定的散射角（Theta）发射辐射，以及检测器。 物体的散射体素的X分量被成像到检测器的Z分量上，并且检测器位于YZ平面中，与Z轴分开，并且显影为二维像素化检测器，其具有 多个能量分辨检测元件。

公开(公告)号：US20060140342A1

公开(公告)日：2006-06-29

申请号：US11301742

申请日：2005-12-13

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: G01N23/04

CPC classification number: G01V5/0025

Abstract: Apparatus for measuring momentum transfer spectrum of elastically scattered X-ray quanta includes an anode having a focus extended in the Y-direction which emits X-radiation in the X-direction. The apparatus also includes a primary collimator extending in the Y-direction and allowing X-ray quanta to pass through which are aimed at an individual isocentre, wherein the isocentre is the originating point of a cartesian coordinates system, an examination area, a scatter collimator system extending annularly about the Z-direction and arranged between said examination area and the isocentre. Said collimator system passes through scattered radiation from an object to be examined wherein the radiation is emitted at a fixed scatter angle Θ. The apparatus further includes a detector located in the Y-Z plane, distanced from a Z-axis and has a curved shape. Wherein a X-component of a scatter voxel of the object is clearly imaged onto Z-components of said detector.

Abstract translation: 用于测量弹性散射X射线量子的动量传递光谱的装置包括在Y方向上延伸的焦点在X方向上发射X射线的阳极。 该装置还包括在Y方向上延伸的主准直器，并允许X射线量子通过针对各个等中心的X射线量子，其中等中心是笛卡尔坐标系的起始点，检查区域，散射准直器 系统围绕Z方向环状地延伸并布置在所述检查区域和等中心之间。 所述准直仪系统通过来自被检查物体的散射辐射，其中辐射以固定的散射角θ发射。 该装置还包括位于Y-Z平面中的与Z轴分开且具有弯曲形状的检测器。 其中物体的散射体素的X分量清楚地成像到所述检测器的Z分量上。

公开(公告)号：US20060083346A1

公开(公告)日：2006-04-20

申请号：US10546392

申请日：2004-02-10

Applicant: Jens-Peter Schlomka ,  Geoffrey Harding ,  Bernd Schreiber

Inventor： Jens-Peter Schlomka ,  Geoffrey Harding ,  Bernd Schreiber

IPC: G01N23/04

CPC classification number: G01V5/0025 ,  G01V5/005

Abstract: In conventional material discrimination, for example in baggage inspection, the attenuation coefficient of an item of baggage is used to identify the material in the baggage. However, the result can be ambiguous since there are often dangerous and non-dangerous materials having the same attenuation coefficient. According to the present invention, a method and apparatus are provided combining the information obtained from CT and Coherent Scatter Computed Tomography to better determine whether there are dangerous materials in the baggage or not. Hence, according to the present invention the attenuation coefficient and the diffraction pattern of the item of baggage are used to determine whether the baggage can be cleared or not.

Abstract translation: 在传统的材料鉴别中，例如在行李检查中，行李物品的衰减系数用于识别行李中的物料。 然而，结果可能是模糊的，因为经常有危险和非危险的材料具有相同的衰减系数。 根据本发明，提供了一种结合从CT和相干散射计算机断层摄影获得的信息以更好地确定行李中是否存在危险物质的方法和装置。 因此，根据本发明，使用行李物品的衰减系数和衍射图来确定行李是否可以被清除。

公开(公告)号：US06477234B2

公开(公告)日：2002-11-05

申请号：US10014185

申请日：2001-12-11

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding ,  Bernd Ulmer ,  Bernd David

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding ,  Bernd Ulmer ,  Bernd David

IPC: H01J3512

CPC classification number: H01J35/08 ,  H01J2235/082 ,  H01J2235/1204 ,  H01J2235/1262

Abstract: The invention relates to an X-ray source that is provided with a liquid metal target and an electron source (3) for the emission of an electron beam (4) through a window (23) of a duct section (51) wherethrough the liquid metal target flows in the operating condition. The X-ray source is notably characterized in that the duct section (51) is formed by a first duct segment (10, 20) that includes the window (23) and wherethrough the liquid metal target flows, and by a second duct segment (30, 40) wherethrough a cooling medium flows and which is connected to the first duct segment in such a manner that the area in which the electron beam acts on the first duct segment is cooled.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种具有液体金属靶和电子源（3）的X射线源，该电子源（3）通过管道部分（51）的窗口（23）发射电子束（4），通过液体 金属目标在运行状态下流动。 X射线源的特征在于，管道部分（51）由包括窗口（23）并且液体金属靶材流过的第一管道段（10,20）和第二管道段 30,40），其中冷却介质流过并且以这样的方式连接到第一管道段，使得电子束作用在第一管道段上的区域被冷却。

公开(公告)号：US06185277B2

公开(公告)日：2001-02-06

申请号：US09307156

申请日：1999-05-07

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: H01J3508

CPC classification number: H01J35/08 ,  H01J35/18 ,  H01J2235/082

Abstract: The invention relates to an X-ray tube having a liquid metal target. The electrons emitted by the electron source (3) enter the liquid metal through a thin window (2) and produce X-rays therein. The liquid metal, having a high atomic number, circulates under the influence of a pump so that the heat produced by the interaction with the electrons in the window and the liquid metal can be dissipated. The heat generated at this area is dissipated by a turbulent flow, thus ensuring effective cooling.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种具有液态金属靶的X射线管。 由电子源（3）发射的电子通过薄的窗口（2）进入液态金属，并在其中产生X射线。 具有高原子序数的液态金属在泵的影响下循环，使得由与窗口中的电子和液态金属的相互作用产生的热量可以消散。 在该区域产生的热量由湍流消散，从而确保有效的冷却。

公开(公告)号：US5602893A

公开(公告)日：1997-02-11

申请号：US560238

申请日：1995-11-21

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: G01N23/04 ,  G01T1/29 ,  G01T1/36 ,  G01V5/00 ,  G21K1/02 ,  G21K5/02 ,  G01N23/201

CPC classification number: G01V5/0025 ,  G01T1/29

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement for measuring the pulse transfer spectrum of X-ray quanta using two polychromatic X-ray sources and a detector arrangement which measures the scattered X-ray quanta in an energy-resolved fashion. A secondary diaphragm device, arranged between the examination zone in which the object whose pulse transfer spectrum is to be determined is situated and the detector device, ensures that each detector element of the detector device can be struck by scattered radiation only at a comparatively accurately determined scatter angle. The arrangement in accordance with the invention enables very fast inspection of an object.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种使用两个多色X射线源测量X射线量子的脉冲传输光谱的装置以及以能量分辨方式测量散射X射线量子的检测器装置。 布置在其中要确定脉冲传送光谱的物体的检查区域与检测器装置之间的次级隔膜装置确保检测器装置的每个检测器元件仅能以相对精确地确定的散射辐射 散射角 根据本发明的装置能够快速检查物体。