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1.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07403160B2
公开(公告)日：2008-07-22
申请号：US11154428
申请日：2005-06-16
申请人： Bing A. Chiang , Michael J. Lynch , Douglas H. Wood , Thomas Liu , Govind R. Kadambi , Mark W. Kishler
发明人： Bing A. Chiang , Michael J. Lynch , Douglas H. Wood , Thomas Liu , Govind R. Kadambi , Mark W. Kishler
摘要： A low profile smart antenna includes an active antenna element carried by a dielectric substrate, and active antenna element has a T-shape. Passive antenna elements are carried by the dielectric substrate, and they have an inverted L-shaped portion laterally adjacent the active antenna element. Impedance elements are selectively connectable to the passive antenna elements for antenna beam steering.
摘要翻译： 薄型智能天线包括由电介质基板承载的有源天线元件，有源天线元件具有T形形状。 无源天线元件由电介质基板承载，并且它们具有横向邻近有源天线元件的倒L形部分。 阻抗元件可选择性地连接到用于天线波束转向的无源天线元件。
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2.发明授权Wireless communication method and antenna system for determining direction of arrival information to form a three-dimensional beam used by a transceiver 失效用于确定到达方向信息以形成由收发机使用的三维波束的无线通信方法和天线系统公开(公告)号：US06992622B1
公开(公告)日：2006-01-31
申请号：US11025421
申请日：2004-12-29
IPC分类号： H01Q3/02
CPC分类号： H01Q3/40 , H01Q21/205 , H01Q25/02 , H04B7/0617 , H04B7/086
摘要： A wireless communication method and antenna system for determining the direction of arrival (DOA) of received signals in azimuth and elevation, (i.e., in three dimensions), to form a beam for transmitting and receiving signals. The system includes two antenna arrays, each having a plurality of antenna elements, two first stage multi-mode-port matrices, at least one second stage multi-mode-port matrix, an azimuth phase detector, an elevation amplitude detector, a plurality of phase shifters and a transceiver. The antenna arrays and the first stage multi-mode-port matrices form a plurality of orthogonal omni-directional modes. Each of the modes has a characteristic phase set. Two of the modes' phases are used to determine DOA in azimuth. The second stage multi-mode-port matrix forms a sum-mode and a difference-mode used to determine the DOA of the received signals in elevation. A beam is formed in the direction of the received signals by adjusting the phase shifters.
摘要翻译： 一种无线通信方法和天线系统，用于确定方位和高程（即，三维）中的接收信号的到达方向（DOA），以形成用于发送和接收信号的波束。 该系统包括两个天线阵列，每个天线阵列具有多个天线元件，两个第一级多模式端口矩阵，至少一个第二级多模式端口矩阵，方位角相位检测器，仰角振幅检测器，多个 移相器和收发器。 天线阵列和第一级多模端口矩阵形成多个正交全向模式。 每个模式都具有特征相位集合。 两个模式的相位用于确定方位角的DOA。 第二级多模式端口矩阵形成和模式和差模式，用于确定接收信号的高程的DOA。 通过调整移相器在接收信号的方向上形成一个波束。
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3.发明授权Satellite communication subscriber device with a smart antenna and associated method 失效具有智能天线的卫星通信用户设备及相关方法公开(公告)号：US07633442B2
公开(公告)日：2009-12-15
申请号：US11143182
申请日：2005-06-02
CPC分类号： H01Q3/24 , H01Q3/446 , H01Q25/002 , H04B7/0808 , H04B7/18517 , H04H40/90
摘要： A satellite communication subscriber device includes a smart antenna for generating antenna beams for receiving signals from at least one satellite, and a receiver. The receiver includes a quality metric module for calculating a quality metric on the signals received by each antenna beam. A beam selector is coupled to the smart antenna for selecting the antenna beams. An antenna steering algorithm module runs an antenna steering algorithm for operating the beam selector for scanning the antenna beams, receiving the calculated quality metrics from the receiver for each scanned antenna beam, and comparing the calculated quality metrics. The algorithm selects one of the scanned antenna beams based upon the comparing for continuing to receive signals from the at least one satellite.
摘要翻译： 卫星通信用户设备包括用于生成用于接收来自至少一个卫星的信号的天线波束的智能天线和接收机。 接收机包括用于计算由每个天线波束接收的信号的质量度量的质量度量模块。 波束选择器耦合到智能天线以选择天线波束。 天线导向算法模块运行天线转向算法，用于操作波束选择器以扫描天线波束，从接收机接收针对每个扫描天线波束的计算的质量度量，以及比较计算出的质量度量。 该算法基于对来自至少一个卫星的连续接收信号的比较来选择一个扫描天线波束。
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公开(公告)号：US07224321B2
公开(公告)日：2007-05-29
申请号：US11190745
申请日：2005-07-27
IPC分类号： H01Q19/00
摘要： A smart antenna includes a ground plane, an active antenna element adjacent the ground plane, and passive antenna elements adjacent the ground plane. The passive antenna elements have different sizes for defining different resonant frequencies for increasing a bandwidth of the smart antenna. Dielectric layers having different dielectric constants may also be used for coating the passive antenna elements for defining different resonant frequencies. Impedance elements are connected to the ground plane and are selectively connectable to the passive antenna elements for antenna beam steering.
摘要翻译： 智能天线包括接地平面，邻近接地平面的有源天线元件以及邻近接地平面的无源天线元件。 无源天线元件具有不同的尺寸，用于定义不同的谐振频率以增加智能天线的带宽。 具有不同介电常数的介电层也可用于涂覆无源天线元件以限定不同的谐振频率。 阻抗元件连接到接地平面，并且可选择性地连接到用于天线波束转向的无源天线元件。
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5.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07696943B2
公开(公告)日：2010-04-13
申请号：US11604013
申请日：2006-11-22
申请人： Bing A. Chiang
发明人： Bing A. Chiang
IPC分类号： H01Q19/00
CPC分类号： H01Q19/32 , H01Q25/002
摘要： An antenna assembly includes at least two active or main radiating omni-directional antenna elements arranged with at least one beam control or passive antenna element used as a reflector. The beam control antenna element(s) may have multiple reactance elements that can electrically terminate it to adjust the input or output beam pattern(s) produced by the combination of the active antenna elements and the beam control antenna element(s). More specifically, the beam control antenna element(s) may be coupled to different terminating reactances to change beam characteristics, such as the directivity and angular beam width. Processing may be employed to select which terminating reactance to use. Consequently, the radiator pattern of the antenna can be more easily directed towards a specific target receiver/transmitter, reduce signal-to-noise interference levels, and/or increase gain. A Multiple-Input, Multiple-Output (MIMO) processing technique may be employed to operate the antenna assembly with simultaneous beam patterns.
摘要翻译： 天线组件包括至少两个有源或主辐射全向天线元件，其布置有用作反射器的至少一个光束控制或无源天线元件。 波束控制天线元件可以具有多个电抗元件，其可以电气端接它，以调节由有源天线元件和波束控制天线元件的组合产生的输入或输出波束图案。 更具体地，波束控制天线元件可以耦合到不同的终止电抗以改变诸如方向性和角波束宽度的波束特性。 可以使用处理来选择要使用的终止电抗。 因此，天线的辐射器图案可以更容易地指向特定的目标接收器/发射器，降低信噪比干扰电平和/或增加增益。 可以采用多输入多输出（MIMO）处理技术来操作具有同时波束图案的天线组件。
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公开(公告)号：US07482981B2
公开(公告)日：2009-01-27
申请号：US11191315
申请日：2005-07-28
IPC分类号： H01Q1/26
摘要： A communications device includes a housing, an ionized air stream generator carried by the housing for generating an ionized air stream, and an ionized air chamber carried by the housing for directing the ionized air stream external the housing to function as an antenna. A transceiver is carried by the housing and is coupled to the ionized air chamber. The transceiver excites or detects changes in a current flow in the ionized air stream at radio communication frequencies.
摘要翻译： 通信设备包括壳体，由壳体承载的用于产生电离空气流的离子化空气流发生器和由壳体承载的电离空气室，用于将壳体外部的电离空气流引导到用作天线的功能。 收发器由壳体承载并且耦合到电离空气室。 收发器以无线电通信频率激发或检测电离空气流中的电流的变化。
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7.发明授权Wireless communication apparatus for determining direction of arrival information to form a three-dimensional beam used by a transceiver 失效用于确定到达方向信息以形成由收发机使用的三维波束的无线通信装置公开(公告)号：US07427953B2
公开(公告)日：2008-09-23
申请号：US11285683
申请日：2005-11-22
CPC分类号： H01Q3/40 , H01Q21/205 , H01Q25/02 , H04B7/0617 , H04B7/086
摘要： A wireless communication method and antenna system for determining the direction of arrival (DOA) of received signals in azimuth and elevation, (i.e., in three dimensions), to form a beam for transmitting and receiving signals. The system includes two antenna arrays, each having a plurality of antenna elements, two first stage multi-mode-port matrices, at least one second stage multi-mode-port matrix, an azimuth phase detector, an elevation amplitude detector, a plurality of phase shifters and a transceiver. The antenna arrays and the first stage multi-mode-port matrices form a plurality of orthogonal omni-directional modes. Each of the modes has a characteristic phase set. Two of the modes' phases are used to determine DOA in azimuth. The second stage multi-mode-port matrix forms a sum-mode and a difference-mode used to determine the DOA of the received signals in elevation. A beam is formed in the direction of the received signals by adjusting the phase shifters.
摘要翻译： 一种无线通信方法和天线系统，用于确定方位和高程（即，三维）中的接收信号的到达方向（DOA），以形成用于发送和接收信号的波束。 该系统包括两个天线阵列，每个天线阵列具有多个天线元件，两个第一级多模式端口矩阵，至少一个第二级多模式端口矩阵，方位角相位检测器，仰角振幅检测器，多个 移相器和收发器。 天线阵列和第一级多模端口矩阵形成多个正交全向模式。 每个模式都具有特征相位集合。 两个模式的相位用于确定方位角的DOA。 第二级多模式端口矩阵形成和模式和差模式，用于确定接收信号的高程的DOA。 通过调整移相器在接收信号的方向上形成一个波束。
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8.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07193574B2
公开(公告)日：2007-03-20
申请号：US11065752
申请日：2005-02-25
IPC分类号： H01Q3/00
摘要： An antenna for controlling a beam direction both in azimuth and elevation is disclosed. An antenna comprises a ground plane, at least one active element, and a plurality of passive elements. Both an upper half and a lower half of the passive elements are connected to the ground plane with variable reactive loads, whereby elevation angle of the radio beam is controlled by adjusting the variable reactive loads. Alternatively, an antenna may comprise a radio frequency (RF) choke coupled to the ground plane, whereby an elevation angle of the radio beam is controlled by controlling the RF choke. Alternatively, an antenna comprises a variable lens for changing a wave front of a radio wave which is passing through the variable lens, whereby the beam width and direction are controlled by the variable lens.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于控制方位和仰角的光束方向的天线。 天线包括接地平面，至少一个有源元件和多个无源元件。 无源元件的上半部分和下半部分均连接到具有可变无功负载的接地平面，由此通过调整可变无功负载来控制无线电波束的仰角。 或者，天线可以包括耦合到接地平面的射频（RF）扼流圈，由此通过控制RF扼流圈来控制无线电波束的仰角。 或者，天线包括用于改变通过可变透镜的无线电波的波前的可变透镜，由此可变透镜控制光束宽度和方向。
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9.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07180464B2
公开(公告)日：2007-02-20
申请号：US11190725
申请日：2005-07-27
摘要： A smart antenna includes a ground plane, an active antenna element adjacent the ground plane and having a radio frequency (RF) input associated therewith, and passive antenna elements adjacent the ground plane. Impedance elements are connected to the ground plane and are selectively connectable to the passive antenna elements for antenna beam steering. Tuning elements are adjacent the passive antenna elements for tuning thereof so that an input impedance of the RF input of the active antenna element remains relatively constant during the antenna beam steering.
摘要翻译： 智能天线包括接地平面，与接地平面相邻的有源天线元件，并具有与之相关联的射频（RF）输入，以及与地平面相邻的无源天线元件。 阻抗元件连接到接地平面，并且可选择性地连接到用于天线波束转向的无源天线元件。 调谐元件与无源天线元件相邻，用于调谐，使得有源天线元件的RF输入的输入阻抗在天线波束转向期间保持相对恒定。
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10.发明申请WIRELESS COMMUNICATION APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING DIRECTION OF ARRIVAL INFORMATION TO FORM A THREE-DIMENSIONAL BEAM USED BY A TRANSCEIVER 失效用于确定到达信息的方向的无线通信装置形成由收发器使用的三维光束公开(公告)号：US20080303718A1
公开(公告)日：2008-12-11
申请号：US12192477
申请日：2008-08-15
CPC分类号： H01Q3/40 , H01Q21/205 , H01Q25/02 , H04B7/0617 , H04B7/086
摘要： A wireless communication method and antenna system for determining the direction of arrival (DOA) of received signals in azimuth and elevation, (i.e., in three dimensions), to form a beam for transmitting and receiving signals. The system includes two antenna arrays, each having a plurality of antenna elements, two first stage multi-mode-port matrices, at least one second stage multi-mode-port matrix, an azimuth phase detector, an elevation amplitude detector, a plurality of phase shifters and a transceiver. The antenna arrays and the first stage multi-mode-port matrices form a plurality of orthogonal omni-directional modes. Each of the modes has a characteristic phase set. Two of the modes' phases are used to determine DOA in azimuth. The second stage multi-mode-port matrix forms a sum-mode and a difference-mode used to determine the DOA of the received signals in elevation. A beam is formed in the direction of the received signals by adjusting the phase shifters.
摘要翻译： 一种无线通信方法和天线系统，用于确定方位和高程（即，三维）中的接收信号的到达方向（DOA），以形成用于发送和接收信号的波束。 该系统包括两个天线阵列，每个天线阵列具有多个天线元件，两个第一级多模式端口矩阵，至少一个第二级多模式端口矩阵，方位角相位检测器，仰角振幅检测器，多个 移相器和收发器。 天线阵列和第一级多模端口矩阵形成多个正交全向模式。 每个模式都具有特征相位集合。 两个模式的相位用于确定方位角的DOA。 第二级多模式端口矩阵形成和模式和差模式，用于确定接收信号的高程的DOA。 通过调整移相器在接收信号的方向上形成一个波束。
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