Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for signal compensation. The method includes: receiving, by a receiver via N receiving antennas, a plurality of channel estimation preamble signals sent by M transmitting antennas of a remote transmitter, wherein the plurality of channel estimation preamble signals contain measurement signals of the M transmitting antennas; determining, by the receiver, channel estimation parameters and channel phase shift parameters according to the measurement signals of the M transmitting antennas of the remote transmitter; and determining, by the receiver, signal compensation according to the channel estimation parameters and the channel phase shift parameters. According to the method for signal compensation and the multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing communication system provided by the embodiments of the present invention, accuracy of an estimated value of transmitted data is improved.