A cool hydrogen-propelled cyclone quench box comprises: a mixing chamber (7) arranged at the center of a lower support plate (11); swirl tubes (6) arranged above the lower support plate (11) and outside the mixing chamber (7), the tubes being in tangential communication with the body of the mixing chamber (7) along a horizontal direction; a gas-liquid downcomer (5) perpendicularly arranged outside each swirl tube (6), the bottom portions of the downcomers and the outer walls of the swirl tubes (6) being in tangential communication along a perpendicular direction, and the top portions of the gas-liquid downcomers (5) being connected to fluid inlets (4) arranged on an upper support plate (3). The bottom end of a cool hydrogen branch pipe (8) is arranged outside each swirl tube (6), and is tangentially connected to the swirl tube (6) along a horizontal direction. By means of a flange (2) arranged on the upper support plate (3), the top ends of the cool hydrogen branch pipes (8) connect to a cool hydrogen pipe (1) arranged outside the upper support plate (3). Upper-level cyclone blades (12) are installed within the mixing chamber (7). The bottom ends of the blades (12) are perpendicularly arranged on the upper-level blade support plate (13). Lower-level cyclone blades (9) are installed at the mixing chamber (7) outlet; the bottom ends of the blades (9) are perpendicularly arranged on the lower-level blade support plate (10).