An output pressure module that sets an output pressure of a first component of an exhaust system of the vehicle equal to one of: an input pressure of a second component that is immediately downstream of the first component in the exhaust system; and ambient air pressure. A pressure drop module determines a pressure drop between an input of the first component and an output of the first component based a temperature of exhaust input to the first component. An input pressure module determines an input pressure of the first component based on a sum of the output pressure of the first component and the pressure drop between the input and the output of the first component. An actuator control module selectively controls at least one engine actuator based on at least one of the input and output pressures of the first component.