A cleaning device that cleans a residual toner from a cleaning target includes a cleaning blade that blocks the residual toner containing toner particles and an external additive on the cleaning target and scrapes the residual toner from the cleaning target, a measurement unit that measures an amount of the external additive in the residual toner which is blocked by the cleaning blade and remains on the cleaning target, and a control unit that increases an amount of a toner that is supplied to the cleaning target based on a measurement result obtained by the measurement unit.