An image processing device that transforms first image data of an image captured under an image-capturing condition into second image data that reproduce a color appearance under a viewing condition, includes: an image data acquiring unit that acquires the first image data of the image captured under the image-capturing condition; a first transformation unit that transforms the acquired first image data into the second image data pixel by pixel based on the image-capturing condition and the viewing condition by a first method that takes into consideration chromatic adaptation; a second transformation unit that transforms the acquired first image data into the second image data pixel by pixel based on the image-capturing condition and the viewing condition by a second method that is simpler than the first method and takes into consideration chromatic adaptation; and a controlling unit that controls such that either the first transformation unit or the second transformation unit is selected depending on a state of a transformation target pixel or a neighborhood pixel neighboring the transformation target pixel in the first image data.