An illumination device (1, 1A, 1B) is disclosed. The illumination device (1, 1A, 1B) contains an organic light-emitting component (2, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2C′) containing a functional layer sequence (23, 23A) for generating light, a light passage area (7, 7A, 7B), which is provided for coupling out light emitted by the organic light-emitting component (2, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2C′) from the illumination device (1, 1A, 1B) and for coupling ambient light into the illumination device (1, 1A, 1B) a retroreflector (5, 5A, 5B), which is provided for reflecting at least part of the ambient light coupled in through the light passage area (7, 7A, 7B) back to the light passage area (7, 7A, 7B). The organic light-emitting component (2, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2C′) is embodied such that it is at least partly light-transmissive. The functional layer sequence (23, 23A) of the organic light-emitting component (2, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2C′) is arranged between the light passage area (7, 7A, 7B) and the retroreflector (5, 5A, 5B). A luminaire (10) and a display device (100) are also disclosed.