An emergency evacuation harness, such as is used for evacuating immobile patients, or similar persons, comprises a bottom harness member for positioning beneath a mattress with longitudinally extending straps extending from one end. In use the longitudinal straps are brought over the mattress, with fastening members on the straps engaging with attachment members on the sides of the bottom harness member. In one form the bottom member is in the form of transverse and longitudinal straps. In a further form the bottom harness member can form part of a structure enclosing a mattress, a preferred arrangement being of the form in which the bottom member is composed of transverse and longitudinal straps extending to form transverse and longitudinal loops enclosing the mattress.