The device comprises: a high frequency alternating voltage generator the output of which is connected to a sensor probe 5 which is to be applied to a substrate to be measured, an amplifier the input of which is connected to the sensor probe, and a detector arranged to furnish a D.C. voltage signal based on the output from amplifier. The generator, the amplifier and the detector are located inside a metal envelope enclosure. An electromagnetic radiation shield is disposed inside the envelope to separate the amplifier and the detector from the high frequency generator. In operation, voltage output from the detector is indicative of the electrical impedance of the substrate as sensed at the probe. In the preferred application, the substrate is skin and the measured electrical impedance is indicative of the water content of the skin.