A moving matrix magnetic separator including a magnetic pole unit having a first ferromagnetic pole member; a second ferromagnetic pole member aligned with and spaced from the first pole member; and a working magnetic field volume formed by the space between the first and second pole members; electromagnetic coil means encircling the magnetic pole unit proximate the working magnetic field volume for producing a magnetic field in a first direction through the working magnetic field volume between the pole members; a moveable matrix member moveable through the working magnetic field volume between the first and second pole members in a second direction transverse to the first direction; and inlet means proximate one of the pole members for directing fluid through the matrix member and the working magnetic field volume in the first direction, and outlet means proximate the other of the pole members for removing fluid from the matrix member and the working magnetic field volume.