The present disclosure relates to a pharmaceutical composition, including a first component and a second component, where the first component is selected from the group consisting of forskolin, isoforskolin, and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and the second component is selected from the group consisting of a pentacyclic triterpenoid and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The pharmaceutical composition of the present disclosure allows the combined use of forskolin-isoforskolin with a pentacyclic triterpenoid. Compared with the use of each of the two components alone, the combined use can play a significant synergistic role in prevention and treatment of a metabolic disease, a fibrotic disease, and a liver disease. Therefore, the pharmaceutical composition of the present disclosure has promising medicinal prospects in treatment, prevention, and improvement of obesity, a non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), liver damage, liver fibrosis, and the like.