A filter device and a filter element (14) having a filter head (10) and having a filter bowl (12) for mounting the replaceable filter element (14), characterized in that a compensation device (16) is provided, which acts between the filter head (10) and the filter element (14) and which, as a component of the filter element (14), has two shell parts (18, 20), one shell part (18) of which is secured stationarily to the filter element (14) and the other shell part (20) of which, in contrast, is designed to be movably guided, and in that one of the two shell parts (20) has a passage opening (22) for guiding a fluid flow.