A data processing method and an array-type sensor, which relate to the technical field of semiconductors. The array-type sensor comprises a processing unit (120) and a plurality of sensing units (110), and the plurality of sensing units (110) are separately connected to the processing unit (120); the sensing units (110) are configured to receive external signals, convert the external signals into unit values, and send the unit values to the processing unit (120) according to a preset rule; the processing unit (120) is configured to perform data processing on the unit values by using a preset algorithm; and when the processed data or processing result sent to a receiving unit (210) meets a preset condition, the sensing units (110) are controlled to send the unit values to the receiving unit (210). The array-type sensor is enabled to perform certain processing on the received data and send same to a data receiver, thus reducing the amount of data received by the data receiver so as to reduce the receiving pressure and calculation pressure of the data receiver.