A wireless power transmission apparatus includes: a transmission coil configured to transmit power to a wireless power reception apparatus, an inverter that includes a plurality of switching elements and that is configured to output a current of a predetermined frequency to the transmission coil through an operation of the plurality of switching elements, and a controller. The controller can be configured to calculate an output level of power transmitted through the transmission coil, determine a load state of the wireless power reception apparatus based on a target level of power transmitted through the transmission coil and the calculated output level, and control the inverter based on the determined load state of the wireless power reception apparatus.