A propeller-type propulsion system for aircraft, comprises a propeller, a plurality of electric motors comprising nested coaxial respective driveshafts, and a gearbox having an output shaft onto which the propeller is mechanically coupled, and an input shaft to which the coaxial driveshafts of the electric motors are mechanically coupled. As a result, the diameter of the propulsion system, in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the propeller, is reduced. This improves the aerodynamics and the fuel consumption of the aircraft.