The present disclosure relates to an extrusion nozzle apparatus and a method for extruding a thermoelectric material using the extrusion nozzle apparatus. An extrusion nozzle apparatus according to one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises: an inlet introducing material; an outlet discharging the input material; and a discharge pipe formed in a multi-stage shape including a plurality of stages, wherein the input material is pressurized inside the discharge pipe and moves in a first direction from the inlet toward the outlet. The cross-sectional area of the plurality of stages in a direction perpendicular to the first direction progressively decreases from the inlet to the outlet. Accordingly, the thermoelectric performance of a thermoelectric material may be improved, and production cost and production time may be reduced.