Techniques are described for modification of color contrast ratio based on target contrast that overcome the challenges experienced in conventional systems for color contrast selection. In an implementation, a user leverages a content editing system to select a color set for contrast analysis. Utilizing the selected color set, the content editing system determines whether the color set exhibits a target contrast ratio. Further, the content editing system performs modification of the color set to generate candidate color sets that improve (e.g., increase) a contrast ratio of the original color set. The content editing system, for instance, manipulates color values (e.g., luminance values) of the original color set to increase a contrast ratio of the colors and generate different candidate color sets that are applicable to digital content.