A method and an apparatus for performing uplink transmission/reception in a wireless communication system are disclosed. A method for performing communication by a user equipment (UE) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes receiving configuration information including information related to uplink transmission based on a configured grant (CG) from a base station; and based on the configuration information, performing an initial uplink transmission of a transport block (TB) in a first transmission occasion (TO) associated with a redundancy version (RV) which is 0 among a plurality of TOs, and the plurality of TOs correspond to a first sounding reference signal (SRS) resource set and a second SRS resource set.