Described herein are methods of treating epilepsy or status epilepticus, e.g., convulsive status epilepticus, e.g., early status epilepticus, established status epilepticus, refractory status epilepticus, super-refractory status epilepticus, e.g., super-refractory generalized status epilepticus; non-convulsive status epilepticus, e.g., generalized status epilepticus, complex partial status epilepticus; generalized periodic epileptiform discharges; periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges; a seizure, e.g., acute repetitive seizures, cluster seizures, the method comprising administering to the subject a neuroactive steroid.