The color filter substrate includes a photoluminescent layer and an optical path adjustment layer. The photoluminescent layer includes a plurality of photoluminescent portions. Each photoluminescent portion is configured to receive backlight and emit excitation light. The optical path adjustment layer is located on a light incident side of the photoluminescent layer, and the optical path adjustment layer is configured to increase an incident angle of at least portion of the backlight that enters the photoluminescent layer.