A method of treating a subject having MND is provided. The method comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an agent selected from the group consisting of miR-218, miR-218*, precursor thereof and a polynucleotide sequence encoding miR-218 or miR-218* or precursor thereof, thereby treating the MND in the subject. A method of treating a subject having MND, the method comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an agent capable of downregulating an activity or expression of a gene product selected from the group consisting of KCND2, KCNH1, GABRB2, SLC6A1, SLC6A11, KCNA1, CACNB4, GRIA2, GRIK2, GABRG1 and GRIK3, is also provided.