A method of on-vehicle active learning for training a perception network of an autonomous vehicle is provided. The method includes steps of: an on-vehicle active learning device, (a) if a driving video and sensing information are acquired from a camera and sensors on an autonomous vehicle, inputting frames of the driving video and the sensing information into a scene code assigning module to generate scene codes including information on scenes in the frames and on driving events; and (b) at least one of selecting a part of the frames, whose object detection information satisfies a condition, as specific frames by using the scene codes and the object detection information and selecting a part of the frames, matching a training policy, as the specific frames by using the scene codes and the object detection information, and storing the specific frames and specific scene codes in a frame storing part.