Described herein are tetrahydro-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl compounds with estrogen receptor modulation activity or function having the Formula I structure: and stereoisomers, tautomers, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and with the substituents and structural features described herein. Also described are pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments that include the Formula I compounds, as well as methods of using such estrogen receptor modulators, alone and in combination with other therapeutic agents, for treating diseases or conditions that are mediated or dependent upon estrogen receptors.