Disclosed herein are a method and apparatus for transmitting/receiving random access signals. A first random access channel (RACH) resource for a first RACH preamble format and a second RACH resource for a second RACH preamble format are configured, separately. The first RACH resource and the second RACH resource are for a UE at which Tx/Rx beam correspondence holds and for a UE at which Tx/Rx beam correspondence does not hold, respectively. A UE can use the first or second RACH resource, depending on whether or not Tx/Rx beam correspondence holds at the UE.