System for automatic coupling and release of at least a first vehicle and of a second vehicle travelling on the railway network comprising at least a first hooking group of the first vehicle and at least a second hooking group of the second vehicle, comprising at least one vertical alignment apparatus for vertical alignment of the at least one first and at least a second hooking group, the first and at least the second hooking group being configured to be coupled and released each other by means of complementary interlocking coupling means under the control of an informatic system present on each vehicle.