There is provided a robot for machine tool which can work with a large power and torque when necessary while not attaching a large-size motor to the robot and while having a thin arm, as well as a machine tool having the robot. An in-machine robot of a machine tool includes an input shaft, a transfer shaft, a bevel gear, and an end effector. The input shaft is connected to a tool of the machine tool, and a driving force of the tool is transferred to the end effector. The end effector is a hand or the like, and a workpiece is gripped or rotated with the hand using the driving force of the tool. A plurality of the input shafts are provided, and a suitable input shaft is connected to the tool as appropriate.