An intelligent control system for a detector comprises an external control module (110) and at least one group of data transmission and control modules (120), wherein the external control module (110) is used for controlling packet issuing and feedback message processing; a fifth interface (125) connected to the external control module (110) and used for packet transmission; a processing unit (128); at least one group of first type of interfaces (121) respectively connected to a detector (150) and used for transmitting a control packet of the detector (150); at least one group of second type of interfaces (122) respectively connected to the detector (150) and used for transmitting original data of the detector (150); a data pre-processing unit (129) for acquiring and forwarding the original data or pre-processing data of the detector (150); and a sixth interface (126) connected to the external control module (110) and used for transmitting the original data/pre-processing data of the detector (150). The intelligent control system for a detector can form an intellectualized control platform for performing dynamic configuration, intelligent monitoring, power supply management, data processing, foreign interaction, firmware updating on the detector (150).