An adaptive compensation control method for optical communications technologies, which includes acquiring optical label information of an optical signal, where the optical label information carries information about a destination receive port of the optical signal, determining, according to the information about the destination receive port of the optical signal, a switching path, in an optical switch switching matrix, of the optical signal, and determining an optical switch compensation value of the optical signal according to a preset compensation value of each optical switch cell on the switching path, where the optical switch compensation value is used to compensate the optical signal.