The present invention inter alia relates to methods and uses involving the determination of lipid/lipid concentration ratios in order to diagnose, predict, prevent and/or treat atherosclerosis or cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its complications including, e.g., acute myocardial infarction. The methods include analyzing lipid concentrations and resulting lipid/lipid concentration ratios of a non-high density lipoprotein samples from patients and comparing them to a control.