The present invention relates to a material comprising dendritic molecules each constituted of fragments that are at least bifunctional and of fragments that are of least trifunctional joined together by ester or thioester bridges, alone or in combination with amide or urea bridges, said bridges being formed from two functions carried by different fragments, said molecules containing, on the fragments located at the ends of the dendritic branches, associative end groups capable of forming associations with one another by hydrogen bonds and joined covalently to the functions that are not involved in said bridges. It also relates to the method of production thereof, as well as to its uses and to compositions, notably cosmetic, containing this material.