A vegetable alga and microbe photosynthetic reaction system and method for the same is used for vegetable algae and microbe cultivation liquid and algae seeds infused herein to circularly conduct photosynthesis and discharge oxygen; the vegetable alga and microbe photosynthetic reaction system comprises a photosynthetic reaction unit, a pressure liquid infusion unit, and an oxygen discharge and regulation unit; the photosynthetic reaction unit is a light permeable pipeline; the oxygen discharge and regulation unit is assembled with an oxygen discharge can, a liquid collection can, and a regulation can for facilitating production and assembly, and many oxygen discharge points so that oxygen formed in the cultivation liquid can be quickly evaporated.