Hydrocarbyl substituted carboxylic compositions and derivatives thereof useful as additives for lubricating oil and fuel compositions. Carboxylic composition are derived from (A) an olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon, said hydrocarbon having at least one allylic hydrogen atom, and (B) an null,null-unsaturated carboxylic compound prepared by reacting (1) an active methylene compound of the formula 1 and (2) a carbonyl compound of the general formula 2 wherein Ra is H or hydrocarbyl and Rb is a member of the group consisting of H, hydrocarbyl and 3 wherein each Rnull is independently R or OR and each R is, independently, H or a hydrocarbyl group; and lower alkyl acetals, ketals, hemiacetals and hemiketals of the carbonyl compound (2). Carboxylic derivative compositions are obtained by reacting the carboxylic compositions with a reactant selected from the group consisting of (a) amines characterized by the presence within their structure of at least one condensable HnullN