Methods for visualizing treatment outcomes are provided. In some embodiments, a method includes obtaining a first 2D image of a patient's teeth from a mobile device, and obtaining an arch model representing an outcome for the patient's teeth after orthodontic treatment. The method can include matching the patient's teeth in the first 2D image to corresponding teeth in the arch model, using a parametric model. The method can also include determining a target position for the patient's teeth, based on a position of the matched corresponding teeth in the arch model. The method can further include generating a second 2D image depicting the patient's teeth in the target position.