A method and device for detecting propellers with high-precision are provided, the method includes obtaining a measurement point cloud of the propeller, filtering the measurement point cloud to obtain a target point cloud; processing the target point cloud to obtain a first measurement plane, and finding a center point of a pressure cone point cloud; obtaining a measuring axis according to the first measurement plane and the center point; segmenting the target point cloud to obtain a blade point cloud of each blade, and analyzing the blade point cloud and the measuring axis to obtain the parameters of the propeller, so as to determine whether the propeller is qualified. A high-precision structured light 3D camera is used, simple and high-precision detection solution for propeller products is developed based on the open-source 3D algorithm framework PCL. The device can improve the detection efficiency and the feasibility of promotion.