An aerosol delivery device includes a heating element powerable to heat components of an aerosol precursor composition to produce an aerosol therefrom, and processing circuitry configured to control a voltage directed to and powering the heating element. An infrared sensor is coupled to the processing circuitry, and configured to measure infrared energy emitted by the aerosol precursor composition in response to the heating thereof, the emitted infrared energy being variable and proportional to a temperature of the heated aerosol precursor composition, the processing circuitry or the infrared sensor being configured to determine the temperature from the infrared energy emitted by the heated aerosol precursor composition and measured by the infrared sensor, and the processing circuitry being configured to adjust the voltage directed to the heating element in response to the temperature of the aerosol precursor composition deviating from a predetermined temperature target. An associated aerosol delivery device is also provided.