Provided are a winding shaft, a cell manufacturing apparatus, and a cell manufacturing method. The winding shaft is used for winding plates and includes: a winding shaft body including a first winding surface; an adjustment member configured to be mounted to the winding shaft body and movable simultaneously in an axial direction of the winding shaft and in a radial direction of the winding shaft, where the adjustment member includes a second winding surface, and the first winding surface and the second winding surface are configured to wind the plates jointly; and an actuator configured to drive the adjustment member to move to change a relative position of the second winding surface with respect to the first winding surface, so as to change a winding circumference of the winding shaft. The winding shaft of the present application can reduce the possibility of or the amount of misalignment between the tabs.