A lattice light sheet microscope includes a single spatial light modulator (SLM), the optical modulation plane of which conjugates to an image plane of an excitation objective and which is configured to: generate an optical lattice by loading a phase map obtained from a central cross section of a corresponding optical lattice of a desired lattice light sheet, and tile the optical lattice by loading a phase map obtained from an off-center cross section of the corresponding optical lattice. The lattice light sheet microscope also includes a transparent annular diaphragm arranged at a plane conjugating to the entrance pupil of the excitation objective lens. The lattice light sheet microscope further includes a first galvanometer configured to: scan each optical lattice in the extending direction thereof so as to form a tiled lattice light sheet.