An electronic device includes: a housing including a first surface facing a first direction; and a second surface facing a second direction opposite to the first direction, wherein an inner space is formed between the first surface and the second surface; a board disposed in the inner space; a geomagnetic sensor disposed on the board; and a processor. The geomagnetic sensor is configured to detect a first magnetic force, when a first cover part of the cover, including a first magnetic member, is disposed to cover the first surface from the first direction of the electronic device, and detect a second magnetic force, when a second cover part of the cover, including a second magnetic member, is disposed to cover the second surface from the second direction of the electronic device in a state where the first cover part is disposed to cover the first surface from the first direction of the electronic device.