A resource allocation method and a storage device are provided. The storage device includes a disk enclosure and a plurality of controllers. Each controller includes a plurality of processors, each processor includes a plurality of processor cores, the plurality of controllers are separately coupled to the disk enclosure including a plurality of hard disks. The plurality of processors are configured to provide computing resources. The plurality of hard disks are configured to provide storage space. Logical addresses corresponding to the storage space are classified into several address segment sets, each address segment set includes one or more address segments, some of the computing resources are allocated to each address segment set, and are used to execute a data access request for accessing an address segment comprised in the address segment set. Computing resources used to process different address segment sets are from different processors or from different processor cores.