The present invention discloses a user-exhibit distance based collaborative interaction method and system for an augmented reality museum. The method includes: detecting and acquiring dynamic position information of a user, and calculating a sensing distance of the user in real time according to the dynamic position information of the user; establishing a distance model with an exhibit as a center according to the sensing distance, and setting interaction authority of the user according to the distance model and a real-time sensing distance of the user; dynamically matching a single-user interaction mode and a multi-user collaborative interaction mode within the interaction authority of the user to the user according to the interaction authority of the user corresponding to the sensing distance of the user; executing, by the user, a single-user interaction behavior and a multi-user collaborative interaction behavior in real time according to the single-user interaction mode and the multi-user collaborative interaction mode; and realizing recommendation of the exhibit between users according to a real-time single-user interaction behavior result and a real-time multi-user collaborative interaction behavior result. The method and system promote the user to have a real-time and interesting interaction with other surrounding users while learning about museum exhibits progressively.