Example implementations relate to performing automated hierarchical configuration tuning for a multi-layer service. According to an example, a service definition and optimization criteria are received for tuning a configuration of a service. The service definition includes information regarding multiple of layers of the service and corresponding configuration groups. An acyclic dependency graph is created including nodes representing each of the of layers and each of the corresponding configuration groups. Configuration parameters of the configuration groups are globally optimized by creating an instance of the service within a test environment based on the service definition; and performing a local optimization process based on the optimization criteria at each layer of the instance of the service by passing identified optimized values of configuration parameters for a particular layer on to parent layers as defined by the acyclic dependency graph and propagating the identified optimized values through the dependency graph.