A takeoff and landing control method of a multimodal air-ground amphibious vehicle includes: receiving dynamic parameters of the multimodal air-ground amphibious vehicle; processing the dynamic parameters by a coupled dynamic model of the multimodal air-ground amphibious vehicle to obtain dynamic control parameters of the multimodal air-ground amphibious vehicle, wherein the coupled dynamic model of the multimodal air-ground amphibious vehicle comprises a motion equation of the multimodal air-ground amphibious vehicle in a touchdown state; and the motion equation of the multimodal air-ground amphibious vehicle in a touchdown state is determined by a two-degree-of-freedom suspension dynamic equation and a six-degree-of-freedom motion equation of the multimodal air-ground amphibious vehicle in the touchdown state; and controlling takeoff and landing of the multimodal air-ground amphibious vehicle according to the dynamic control parameters of the multimodal air-ground amphibious vehicle. The method is used for takeoff and landing control of a multimodal air-ground amphibious vehicle.