A damper and a load-bearing enclosure having the damper are provided. The damper includes a housing forming a containing cavity and a vibration energy dissipation unit located inside the housing, and the containing cavity includes a liquid storage cavity and a mass body movement cavity located at an upper part of the liquid storage cavity; the vibration energy dissipation unit includes a damping liquid contained in the liquid storage cavity and a plurality of mass bodies located inside the mass body movement cavity; and the mass bodies float on the liquid level of the damping liquid, and an outer surface of the mass body is formed with a plurality of toothed projections for breaking waves formed in the damping liquid due to vibration and dispersing the waves in different directions.