A vacuum cleaner includes an air inlet, a filter, a fan, and a main air outlet. The filter has a clean side and an unclean side. An unclean air chamber is formed between the air inlet and the unclean side of the filter. A first air chamber is formed between the clean side of the filter and the fan. An air outlet chamber is formed between the fan and the main air outlet. The upstream end of the air outlet chamber is connected to the first air chamber. An airflow may enter the vacuum cleaner from an external environment via the air inlet under the action of the fan, and sequentially passes through the unclean air chamber, the filter, the first air chamber and the air outlet chamber the main air outlet. The vacuum cleaner may include a self-cleaning air passage and an air supply air passage.