The present disclosure provides a calibration method and a calibration device for a volume of an ink droplet and a printing apparatus including the calibration device. The calibration method for a volume of an ink droplet comprises: calculating a first volume of a single ink droplet based on a mass and a density of an ink droplet; calibrating a measurement parameter used in an optical measurement approach based on the first volume; and acquiring a second volume of a single ink droplet using the optical measurement approach based on the calibrated measurement parameter.