The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for transmitting through an adaptive channel using a channel state. According to one embodiment of the present invention, a method for a remote node to transmit through a channel includes the steps of: intermittently receiving a forward channel signal transmitted from a host node; estimating a reverse channel state on the basis of the received forward channel signal; and determining whether or not the estimated reverse channel state satisfies preset channel conditions, and adaptively transmitting a reverse channel signal according to the determined result.