According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for processing an adaptive media service at an encoder includes a first acquisition step of acquiring a first data stream including first image encoding data obtained by encoding a first image sequence, a second acquisition step of acquiring at least one second data stream, each second data steam including second image encoding data obtained by encoding a second image sequence and a target optimization parameter corresponding to the second image encoding data, a first selection step of selecting one data stream from a first data stream set in accordance with a condition of the receiver, the first data stream set at least including the first data stream and the at least one second data stream, and a first transmission step of transmitting the selected data stream to the receiver.