Provided herein include methods and compositions for treating diseases or conditions. In some embodiments provided are methods for treating one or more diseases or conditions selected from the group consisting of hypertension, heart failure, dyspnea, and sleep apnea. In certain embodiments provided are methods that include administering a compound of formula (I) as disclosed herein. In some embodiments provided are methods that include administering a P2X3 and/or a P2X2/3 receptor antagonist.